The NEMA 34 stepper motor is a hybrid stepper motor that combines the best features of both permanent magnet and variable reluctance stepper motors. This motor is large and consumes a lot of power—up to 5A. The motor has a 3.4 by 3.4 inch faceplate, 200 steps per revolution, and a step angle of 1.8 degrees. It is a two-phase motor with a 5% step precision. Through the necessary motor drivers, it is indirectly controlled by microcontroller units.
NEMA 34 Pinout
The following diagram shows the pinout of the NEMA 34 Stepper motor:
Wire Details
Let us discuss the pinout of the NEMA 34 Stepper motor. The wire configuration detail in tabular is mentioned below:
| Wire color | Function |
| RED | Motor Coil 1 connection |
| GREEN | Motor Coil 1 connection |
| BLUE | Motor Coil 2 connection |
| YELLOW | Motor Coil 2 connection |
Working of NEMA 34 Stepper motor
The stepping principle is how the stepper motor operates, as its name suggests. This indicates that the motor rotates in steps to the end. To move steps and finish a rotation, the motor is pulsed by the controller. Steps are equal to received pulses. It spans a set step angle with each step, giving the motor’s position control. Typically, there are 200 steps and a 1.8 degree step angle.
NEMA 34 Specifications
- Current Ratings: 4A – 5A
- Unipolar Holding Torque Capacity: 2.2 – 6.4 Nm Min
- Bipolar Holding Torque Capacity: 3.1 – 9.0 Nm Min
- Step Angle: 1.8 degrees
- Steps per Revolution: 200 steps
- Step Accuracy: ±5%
- Resistance Accuracy: ±10%
- Inductance Accuracy: ±20%
- Maximum Temperature Rise: 80°C
- Ambient Temperature: -20°C to 50°C
- Minimum Insulation Resistance @ 500V: 100Mohms
- Dielectric Strength @ 3mA: 820 VAC
- Radial Play @ 450g: 0.02mm
- End Play @ 450g: 0.08mm
- Radial Force: 220 N
- Axial Force: 60 N
NEMA 34 Stepper motor has five different versions based on current ratings, holding torque capacity, phase inductance e.t.c. The datasheet is provided to see further technicalities as per requirement.
Interfacing NEMA 34 Stepper driver with Arduino UNO
The section deals with the interfacing of the NEMA 34 Stepper motor.
Due of their severe duty, NEMA 34 stepper motors cannot be linked directly to the microcontroller unit. For proper operation, it must be interfaced with a suitable stepper motor driver module. These work with high current-supporting STP-048, STP-140, CW-2450, CW-230, and other devices. The relevant stepper motor driver’s enable, pulse, and dir pins are connected to the Arduino UNO pins. The driver module is given power by the enable pin. The step pin known as the pulse pin regulates the motor’s micro-stepping by receiving pulses from the Arduino. Similar to this, depending on its state, dir sets the motor’s rotation to either clockwise or anticlockwise.
The outputs motor1, motor2, motor3, and motor 4 are connected to the coils of NEMA 34 stepper motors. The controller sends the pulses to the driver and it transmits it to the motor. The motor takes steps and completes the rotations in the direction told by the state of the dir pin and can work according to the demand.
NEMA 34 Applications
- Welding tools
- CNC machines
- Medical systems
- 3D applications
- Robotics
2D Diagram
